Primary Education

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, primary education is compulsory and free for children aged 6 to 15. The nine-year program is divided into three cycles:

• Cycle 1: Grades 1-3 (ages 6-9)

• Cycle 2: Grades 4-6 (ages 9-12)

• Cycle 3: Grades 7-9 (ages 12-15)

Instruction is provided in Bosnian, Croatian, or Serbian, depending on the region. The curriculum emphasizes foundational subjects, including mathematics, science, language, and social studies.

Secondary Education

Secondary education, while not mandatory, is highly encouraged and typically begins at age 15. It is categorized into:

• General Secondary Education (Gimnazija): A four-year program focusing on academic subjects, preparing students for higher education.

• Vocational and Technical Education: Programs lasting three to four years, aimed at equipping students with practical skills for the workforce or further studies.

Admission to secondary schools is based on primary school performance and entrance examinations.

Higher Education

Bosnia and Herzegovina’s higher education system comprises public and private institutions, including universities, academies, and colleges. The country has been a full member of the Bologna Process since 2003, aligning its higher education standards with the European Higher Education Area.

Degree Structure:

• Bachelor’s Degree: 3-4 years (180-240 ECTS credits)

• Master’s Degree: 1-2 years (60-120 ECTS credits)

• Doctorate (PhD): 3 years

Students can pursue studies full-time, part-time, or through distance learning, depending on the institution’s offerings.

Notable Universities:

• University of Sarajevo

• University of Banja Luka

• University of Mostar

• International University of Sarajevo

• American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina

These institutions offer a wide range of programs across various fields, contributing to the country’s academic and professional development.

Quality Assurance

The Agency for Development of Higher Education and Quality Assurance of Bosnia and Herzegovina oversees the quality and standards of higher education institutions. Established under the Framework Law on Higher Education, the agency ensures that both public and private institutions meet the required criteria for academic excellence.